Duramax Diesel Engine Production Halted for the Rest of 2021

Photo courtesy GM Authority

It's been a rough year for automakers, but especially for GM. Semiconductor shortages have hit all of the Big 3 automakers, causing production disruptions. GM seems to had more than its share of woes. 

In August we wrote about how strong the demand has been for diesel trucks, though at the end of this article we referenced a temporary halt to production that was announced. That ominous warning evolved quickly to a more serious concern, as GM was forced to change its tune. The temporary parts shortage will impact the engine more than initially expected. The temporary parts shortage would have a bigger impact on the engine than initially expected.

Last week news broke that production had been halted for the rest of the year on its 3.0L LM2 GM Duramax diesel engine. The article does not explain where the derailment took place. Rather it takes advantage of the bad news to remind us of its features and applications.

The LM2 Duramax diesel is assembled in Flint, Michigan. It has been one of the options for their full-size half-ton pickups and full-size SUVs. These would include the Chevy Silverado 1500, GMC Sierra 1500, Chevy Tahoe, Chevy Suburban, GMC Yukon and Cadillac Escalade.

If you ever attend the SEMA Show in Las Vegas, you'll find that GM is not only proud of its cars but also of its engines. The engines are set on pedestals in the massive booth  that historically sprawls in the center of the main hall. They're impressive.

According to the story in GM Authority, "The LM2 engine features a straight six configuration with a DOHC valvetrain, 84mm bore, and 90mm stroke, with a 15.0:1 compression ratio. The block and heads are made of aluminum, with a forged steel crankshaft and forged rods. The pistons are made from hypereutectic cast aluminum alloy, while the cylinder liners are made from iron."

The halting of Duramax diesel engine production wasn't GM's first black eye this year. In July GM announced a recall for 410,019 trucks due to faulty roof rail airbags. The problem was related to moisture issues that might cause the inflator end cap to detach from the inflator, or cause the inflator to rupture. The 2015-2016 Chevy Silverado 1500 and Chevy Silverado HD, as well as the 2015-2016 GMC Sierra 1500 and GMC Sierra HD were the model years impacted. 

All this safety equipment can be a blessing when you need it. For manufacturers dependent on suppliers, it's just one more thing that can go wrong. In addition to an army of laborers, they are required to have a battalion of lawyers as well.

You will find the full story here.

Enjoy the holiday. We'll be back tomorrow.

What Are the Three Main Causes of Diesel Engines Overheating?

On Monday Truck Parts & Service published an article about the causes of diesel engines overheating. Being that we are currently experiencing one of our hotter summers on record, it seems like a good time to review causes of overheating diesels. This particular article by Bill Grabarek is addressed to heavy diesel equipment, but it applies to all hardworking diesel engines. 

An overheating engine can produce serious damage. Head gasket failure and cracked cylinder heads will give you more than a head-ache. Sometimes the damage is so severe, such as a cracked engine block, that it is irreparable.

Perhaps you have had the experience of trying to remove a metal lid that is stuck on a glass jar. One way that often works is to run it under hot water. The heat causes the metal to expand, liberating the lid from where it has adhered to the glass. 

This principle of thermal expansion is what's going on when your engine gets hot. The author points out that the normal operating temps for an engine should be between 190 and 220 degrees. Increased temperatures beyond that will put stress on the cylinder head, liners and engine block, he says. Overheating beyond these acceptable ranges "causes these parts to expand beyond the engine's tolerances." To fix the damage can run into thousands of dollars, and for larger heavy equipment the bill can amount to tens of thousands of dollars. 

All this to say that it's worth reminding ourselves of a few basic steps to avoid such a disaster. In short, a stitch in time saves nine. This is the essence of preventative maintenance.

Mr. Grabarek cites three basic causes of diesels overheating. 

Low Coolant Level or Coolant Loss
One cannot assume that they won't overheat, even if they have the correct coolant level according to the manufacturer's recommendation. Nevertheless, it is important to routinely check fluid levels because this is the first sign you'll have that there is coolant loss taking place. 

There are a variety of areas where one can have coolant leaks. Hoses, gaskets, water pump, thermostat, heater or freeze plugs are just a few places to look. Often you can smell a coolant leak. A cracked cylinder head can also be the culprit, which will sometimes produce white smoke from the tailpipe. 

Air Pockets in the Cooling System
This is a problem that can develop when replacing coolant, or when the  coolant has been drained for a repair job. Air pockets may form when refilling. These air bubbles can interfere with the flow of coolant through the hoses. If these air pockets aren't bled from the system the engine can overheat. 

Faulty Thermostat
Thermostats regulate the amount and flow of coolant by responding to temperature changes in the engine. When the engine gets too hot the thermostat opens to allow more coolant to flow through. Thermostats are a valve that can sometimes get stuck, however. In such cases they need to be replaced.

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The article ends with instructions on how to bleed the air from your cooling system. You can read the full story here.

Five Questions To Help You Decide Which Diesel Oil To Use

If you're confused when it comes to choosing the right engine oil for your truck, don't be alarmed. You're not alone. 

Sometimes it seems like everything is more complicated than it used to be. When was the last time you looked at the toothpaste options at Walgreens. Seems like it's a half mile long with every kind of whitener, plaque remover, gum treatment, breath freshener, ad nauseam. 

In the lubrication world, the various terms may be different, but the level of confusion remains the same. Viscosity control? Shear stability? TBN retention? 

When all is said and done, the best place to begin your oil selection search is to consider your application. Are tractor pulling or drag racing? Is the application stationary, street, or off-road? Here are five basic questions to help direct you to the right solution.

What are your engine oil specifications? 

It’s important to follow what your original equipment manufacturer recommends. Reading your owner’s manual is the key to maximizing your equipment’s performance. Your manual contains vital API information about caring for your engine, including which oil grades are best suited for them. For example: SAE 15W-40, 10W-30, 5W-40 oil? Mineral, semi, or full synthetic base stock needs to be considered.

How important is fuel economy? 

If you’re keeping an eye on your miles per gallon, the right lubricant can help your equipment achieve its maximum fuel efficiency. By squeezing a few extra miles from each tank, you can see major savings over time. A semi or full-synthetic diesel engine oil is your best option to deliver maximum fuel efficiency without compromising engine performance. It can improve fuel economy by up to 2 percent under normal conditions and by up to 3 percent during cold starts.

Does your diesel engine run in a range of temperatures? 

Speaking of cold starts, temperature is another important consideration when choosing an engine oil. Extreme temperatures, whether hot or cold, can be brutal on moving parts in your equipment. Heat can quickly turn an engine into an oven, and the cold can thicken some oils until they’re practically jelly.

How old is your diesel engine? 

Most diesel owners want to stretch the life of their engine as long as possible. To perform their best, older diesel engines require attentive care, and a quality lubricant can go a long way toward maintaining them. For example, is your diesel not running a DPF? Rebuilt for performance? Out of warranty?

Are looking for more horse power or torque? 

Be sure to look at the oil’s data or spec sheet to see if it addresses increased performance, high in anti-wear protection, etc. Look for semi and full synthetic diesel engine oils that use shear stable synthetic base oils. That are also high in film strength, have viscosity control, work with high compression, have a higher TBN retention, and if needed, designed to address demands of turbo or super-charged diesel engines.

I hope this has helped a little in your decision. Need a place to start? Take a look at these eight diesel engine oils: https://www.championbrands.com/diesel-engine-oils/ And if you're still confused, Ask Jake.

What Makes Diesel Engines More Reliable for the Long Haul?

Early direct injected Mercedes-Benz diesel, circa 1963

Yesterday we posted here about a YouTube video explaining why diesel engines produce more torque. The video, about two years old, not only showed how diesel engines differ from gasoline engines, but also how many people were interested in understanding these differences. More than 1.5 million people had watched the video.

The link that led us to that video was actually found in an article at Interesting Engineering titled What Makes an Engine Reliable. 

What does make an engine reliable? The short answer is how well this conglomerate of moving parts can deal with the heat and stress generated by the multitude of mini-explosions taking place inside the piston cylinder.

The author Trevor English begins with an eye opening statistic. We have more than 1.4 billion cars on planet earth. Some of the beaters in this world are held together with wire, nuts and bolts. Some barely start, and some will last for ages. 

Here's how English describes what goes on inside an engine:

 

Engines handle some insane environments. On one end, they can survive in extreme weather conditions, but what happens inside is an even harsher climate for engineering. From fiery explosions every few seconds to hot and cold cycles with oil gushing about, getting a machine with thousands of parts to handle this environment is no easy feat. 

He then turns to the reliability question. Why do some motors last a million miles (with maintenance) and other blow apart at 200,000?

  

The primary reason engines blow is overheating. 

When an engine gets hot, all of the components of the engine warp and expand. Engineers design for these expansions within a certain range but when an engine reaches temperatures outside of its intended range, seals and gaskets can blow — or worse — cylinders and other components can catastrophically fail under the stress. 

To deal with all this heat engineers developed cooling and lubricating systems. Coolant conveys the heat away from the engine. Lubricants reduce the heat generated by friction and also serve to mitigate heat. 

 

English breaks down the various way design failures in these cooling systems can lead to premature death for an engine at certain failure points. Cooling systems are also dependent on radiators to dissipate the heat, which is another variable in the reliability equation. It's more than just having oil and coolant though. Oil and coolant capacity is also a variable. This, he states, is one of the first design features that can make an engine "ultra-reliable." 

 

Interestingly enough, there are ways that small engines can be designed to be more reliable. And just because an engine is big, he states, it doesn't mean it will live longer.

Diesel vs. gasoline

The heart of this story for us comes at this point after all the other groundwork has been laid. Why are diesel engines regarded as more reliable, especially for long distance travel and towing? The answer, he states, has to do with lubrication. The fuel itself is more lubricative than gasoline. 

What he is referring to is what happens when the fuel is injected into the cylinders. Diesel fuel helps lubricate the enhine and minimizes friction. By way of contrast, gasoline usually has detergents that clean the interior of oil and other grime inside the cylinder.

Additional considerations

The article is essentially about reliability and all the decisions engineers must consider when creating a new engine design. For example, what material to use for the head and the block, as well as the head gasket, which is a common failure point.

"Another factor that influences the reliability of engines goes beyond thermal forces and rather deals with kinetic forces from the movement of the pistons. The way these forces are dealt with primarily comes down to engine layout," he explains. 

The various kind of engine designs are discussed next followed by a discussion of engine cycles as it goes from cool to hot and back to cool, and how this has a bearing on an engine's durability.

   

In short, this is an exceedingly thorough discussion that is worth reading in whole. We've only touched on some the highlights here. Be sure to check it out. If you do not have tine to read it now bookmark it for a good weekend diversion.

What Makes an Engine Reliable

https://interestingengineering.com/what-makes-an-engine-reliable

See also: Why Do Diesel Engines Make More Torque

https://theblueflameblogger.blogspot.com/2021/01/why-do-diesel-engines-make-more-torque.html

Why Do Diesel Engines Make More Torque Than Their Gasoline Powered Siblings?

Jason Fenske, Engineering Explained

Have you ever wondered why it is that diesel engines make more torque than gasoline engines? On one level they are essentially the same, an metal block in which pistons move up and down when the fuel detonates. The energy produced gets transferred to the drivetrain which sets the truck in motion. 

That being said, why the difference in torque?

The answer to this question can be found at a YouTube channel called Engineering Explained.  The video is aptly titled Why Diesel Engines Make More Torque Than Gasoline Engines. The host for this presentation is Jason Fenske. 

Even though a cursory look at the two kinds of engines makes them appear similar, Fenske points out several subtle differences that appear small but have big consequences. They are as follows.

1. Compression ratio.

2. Speed of combustion.

3. Bore size vs. length of stroke.

4. Use of turbochargers.

5. Energy density of diesel fuel.

Gasoline is highly combustible, hence the pistons in a gasoline engine do not fully compress. It's the spark that does ignition. Diesel pistons are pushed further up within the cylinder because diesel fuel is ignited by the heat of compression.

The article includes a link to a 2014 blog post titled Throwback Thursday: What Does Torque in a Car Do? 

For each segment, Fenske explains with useful imagery and technical diagrams. If you aren’t a car nut, torque is basically force multiplied by distance - and it is what causes your car to accelerate. For car enthusiast beginners this blog post gives a great introduction to torque, how to measure it and what it can do in your car.

What's especially interesting is how a basic presentation like this has had 1.5 million pageviews. It's quite apparent that this is a topic more than just a few people have wondered about.

This story and video were found at 

Interesting Engineering

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Do you have diesel news or good diesel story?
Tell us about it. Send it to our Blue Flame director Karl Dedolph III @ kdedolph@championbrands.com

Be sure to enter our Sweepstakes and win a full year's worth of Blue Flame Diesel Oil for your favorite truck. Click the Green Button on the top right. 

Champion Oil Introduces a Professional Grade 80% Ether Starting Fluid

If you've ever used it, you know what it is. Starting Fluid is an extremely flammable product that can get you out of many a jam. It works like a pinch hitter when all else fails. 

Earlier this week Champion Oil announced a Professional Grade 80% Ether Starting Fluid that's designed for both gas and diesel engines in cold weather. What follows is information from the press release.

“Starting fluid is a volatile, flammable liquid which is used to aid the starting of internal combustion engines, especially during cold weather or in engines that are difficult to start using conventional starting procedures,” stated Karl Dedolph of Champion Brands, LLC. “It is typically available in an aerosol spray can, and may sometimes be used for starting direct injected diesel engines or lean burn spark engines running on alcohol fuel. 
https://www.championbrands.com/80-ether-starting-fluid/

 

“Modern starting fluid products contain mostly volatile hydrocarbons such as heptane, (the main component of natural gasoline) with varying portions of diethyl ether and carbon dioxide as the propellant helping start internal combustion engines because of its low 160 °C (320 °F) autoignition temperature.” 

 

“Starting fluid is sprayed into the engine intake near the air filter, or into the carburetor bore or a spark plug hole of an engine to get added fuel to the combustion cylinder quickly”, added Dedolph. “Using starting fluid to get the engine running faster avoids wear to starters and fatigue to one's arm with pull start engines, especially on rarely used machines."

 

Other uses include cold weather starting, vehicles that run out of fuel and thus require extra time to restore fuel pressure, and sometimes with flooded engines. Mechanics sometimes use it to diagnose starting problems by determining whether the spark and ignition system of the vehicle is functioning; if the spark is adequate but the fuel delivery system is not, the engine will run until the starting fluid vapors are consumed.

 

“It is used more often with carbureted engines than with fuel injection  systems. Caution is required when using starting fluid with diesel engines that have preheat systems in the intake or glow-plugs installed, as the starting fluid may pre-ignite, leading to engine damage,” Dedolph added.

 

Champion Professional Grade 80% Ether Starting Fluid works great on gas and diesel engines, allowing faster starts and reducing wear on batteries. It contains upper cylinder lubricant for added protection. Use of personal protective equipment as required. Wash face, hands any exposed skin thoroughly after handling. 
https://www.championbrands.com/80-ether-starting-fluid/

 

Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. Use only outdoors or in well-ventilated areas. Wear eye/face protection. Do not breathe dust/fumes/gas/mist/spray/vapors. Keep away from heat/sparks open flames/hot surfaces. This product is compliant for sale in North America. Part# 4580K 12/11 oz.

 

About the Company
Champion Brands, LLC, is a globally recognized industry leader in specialty lubricants for over 65 years. Champion also produces and blends over 350 products including fuel, oil, engine additives, and lubricants for the racing, automotive, heavy truck, agricultural, industrial, and specialty markets. For more information about Champion Products contact your nearest Champion Distributor, or call Champion at 660-890-6231. Champion Brands, LLC; 1001 Golden Drive, Clinton, MO, 64735 or go to http://www.championbrands.com

Champion Oil Featured in 2020 Global Heavy-Duty Diesel Market Report

The new Global Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Oil Market Research Report (GMR) includes current API CK-4 and FA-4 Categories. The study provides information on market trends and development, drivers, capacities, technologies, and on the changing capital structure of the market. One of the key players profiled in the study is Champion Oil, a.k.a. Champion Brands, LLC. 

The GMR provides lubricant organizations with a deep focus on market intelligence, data analytics, and social intelligence, by skilled industry professionals. By combining and analyzing relevant data, they provide a comprehensive understanding of the market and today’s business climate demands for various lubricants and applications.

The history, trends and forecast report covers the history and growth strategies for the lubricant future, industry convergence, technologies, company capabilities, and market trends. The GMR study covers premium conventional oil, full- synthetic oil, synthetic blend oil & higher mileage oil for heavy-duty/off-road trucks, light duty diesel trucks, high-tech diesel engines, newer diesel cars, etc. Some of the key lubricant manufacturers featured in the GMR are: Exxon-Mobil, Shell, Chevron, Champion Brands, Total S.A., Royal Purple, Valvoline, Castrol & Kendall Motor Oils. 

Global regions, market sizes, and end users are analyzed as well as market segments by type, application and oil companies. Each type provides information about the production during the forecast period of 2015 to 2026. Application segment also provides consumption during the forecast period of 2015 to 2026. Understanding the segments helps in identifying the importance of different factors that aid the market growth for full-synthetic & synthetic-blend plus applications for Off-Road Equipment, Light Duty & Heavy-Duty Truck.

The current 2020 Global Diesel Engine Oil Market Research Report is available for $2,900. The report can be acquired at the following link: https://www.themarketreports.com/report/global-heavy-duty-diesel-engine-oils-market-research-report